MuscleTables
6
MuscleTables
Table6-3
MUSCLE
PROXIMAL
ATTACHMENT
(ORIGIN)
DISTAL
ATTACHMENT
(INSERTION)
INNERVATION
MAIN ACTIONS
BLOOD SUPPLY
MUSCLE
GROUP
Latissimus dorsi
Spinous processes
of T7–L5
vertebrae,
thoracolumbar
fascia, iliac
crest, last 3 ribs
Intertubercular
sulcus of
humerus
Thoracodorsal nerve
Extends, adducts, and
medially rotates
humerus at shoulder
Thoracodorsal
artery, dorsal
perforating
branches of 9th,
10th, and 11th
posterior
intercostal,
subcostal, and
first three
lumbar arteries
Shoulder
Levator scapulae
Posterior tubercles
of transverse
processes of
C1–C4
Medial border of
scapula from
superior angle
to spine
Ventral rami of C3–
C4 and dorsal
scapular nerve
Elevates scapula
medially, inferiorly
rotates glenoid cavity
Dorsal scapular
artery,
transverse
cervical artery,
ascending
cervical artery
Superficial back
Lumbrical, first and
second
Lateral two tendons
of Fexor
digitorum
profundus
Lateral sides of
extensor
expansion of
digits 2 and 3
Median nerve (digital
branches)
Extend digits at
interphalangeal
joints, Fex
metacarpophalangeal
joints
Superficial and deep
palmar arches
Hand
Lumbrical, third and
fourth
Medial three
tendons of
Fexor digitorum
profundus
Lateral sides of
extensor
expansion of
digits 4 and 5
Ulnar nerve (deep
branch)
Extend digits at
interphalangeal
joints, Fex
metacarpophalangeal
joints
Superficial and deep
palmar arches
Hand
Opponens digiti
minimi
±lexor retinaculum
and hook of
hamate bone
Palmar surface of
5th metacarpal
Ulnar nerve (deep
branch)
Draws 5th metacarpal
anteriorly and rotates
it to face thumb
Deep palmar branch
of ulnar artery
Hand
Opponens pollicis
±lexor retinaculum
and tubercle of
trapezium
Lateral side of 1st
metacarpal
Median nerve
(recurrent
branch)
Draws 1st metacarpal
forward and rotates it
medially
Superficial palmar
branch of radial
artery
Hand
Palmar interosseous
muscles
Sides of metacarpals
2, 4, and 5
Bases of proximal
phalanx and
extensor
expansion of
digits 2, 4, and
5
Ulnar nerve (deep
branch)
Adducts digits toward
axial line of hand (3rd
digit); Fexes digits at
metacarpophalngeal
joint and extends
interphalangeal joints
Deep palmar arch
Hand
Palmaris brevis
Palmar aponeurosis
and Fexor
retinaculum
Skin of medial
border of palm
Superficial palmar
branch of ulnar
nerve
Deepens hollow of hand,
assists grip
Superficial palmar
arch
Hand
Palmaris longus
Medial epicondyle of
humerus
Distal half of Fexor
retinaculum
and palmar
aponeurosis
Median nerve
±lexes hand at wrist and
tenses palmar
aponeurosis
Posterior ulnar
recurrent artery
Anterior
forearm
Pectoralis major
Sternal half of
clavicle, sternum
to 7th rib,
cartilages of true
ribs,
aponeurosis of
external oblique
muscle
Lateral lip of
intertubercular
sulcus of
humerus
Medial and lateral
pectoral nerves
±lexes and adducts arm,
rotates arm medially
Pectoral branch
of thoraco-
acromial artery,
perforating
branches of
internal thoracic
artery
Pectoral region/
axilla
Pectoralis minor
Outer surface of
upper margin of
ribs 3–5
Coracoid process of
scapula
Medial pectoral
nerve
Lowers lateral angle of
scapula and
protracts scapula
Pectoral branch of
thoraco-acromial
and intercostal
lateral thoracic
arteries
Pectoral region/
axilla
Pronator quadratus
Distal fourth of
anterior ulna
Distal fourth of
anterior radius
Median nerve
(anterior
interosseous)
Pronates forearm
Anterior interosseous
artery
Anterior
forearm
Pronator teres
Two heads: medial
epicondyle of
humerus and
coronoid
process of ulna
Midway along lateral
surface of radius
Median nerve
Pronates forearm and
assists with elbow
Fexion
Anterior ulnar
recurrent artery
Anterior
forearm
